The event that Venerable Thich Quang Duc self-immolated: 50 years in retrospect.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH. 11/06/2013 VOA Vietnamese Most Venerable Thich Quang Duc set himself on fire at a busy intersection in Saigon, June 11, 1963. (AP/Malcolm Browne) On June 11, 1963, Venerable Thich Quang Duc expressed his outrage by dousing himself with gasoline in the middle of a crowded intersection in Saigon. The incident took place amid simmering tensions between Southern Buddhists and the government of Ngo Dinh Diem, a Catholic and accused of persecuting Buddhism. The event might not have been known to the rest of the world if it weren't for AP reporter Malcolm Browne. Mr. Malcome Browne was then head of AP's office in Saigon and had been working in Vietnam for 3 years. In an interview with TIME magazine, Mr. Browne recounted that at that time relations between Buddhism and Ngo Dinh Diem's ​​government worsened, especially after the police in Hue used force against Buddhists. protest against the government's ban on hanging the Buddha's flag on Buddha's birthday. Mr. Browne said at that time he was more interested in Buddhists in Vietnam because he had a feeling that they would be the people who would change the world. In the spring of 1963, the monks implied that they would show an unprecedented resistance. Mr. Browne said they even made a phone call to the foreign press the night before that "something very important" was about to happen. The warning was ignored by most journalists because similar threats had been made in the past, but Mr Browne decided to take his camera with him the next morning. Commenting on Mr. Browne's decision, Richard Pyle, AP's Saigon office manager from 1970 to 1973, said: “Malcolm photographed with outstanding foresight. I know that Horst Fass, Malcolm's photography editor, once told him that he had to take his camera with him everywhere he went, and that's why Malcolm took it with him that day. If Horst Fass found out that Malcolm didn't have the phone, he would jump up and scold. And another Vietnamese reporter named Ha Van Tran with Malcolm also brought a camera. So AP has 2 cameras there and neither company has cameras.” 'Horrible memory' When Mr. Browne arrived at the temple where the monks and nuns were gathered, he saw that everything seemed to be going. They are chanting sutras. He knew that this time they weren't just talking. Then, at the command of the leaders, all the monks and nuns poured into the street and marched to the center of Saigon. When they arrived at the intersection of Phan Dinh Phung and Le Van Duyet streets (now Nguyen Dinh Chieu and Cach Mang Thang Tam streets), they stood in a circle around the blue Austin Westminster car leading the march throughout the process. Browne detailed what followed in an interview conducted by the AP: Reporter Malcolm Browne interviews Venerable Quang Lien, chief spokesman of Xa Loi Pagoda, June 27, 1963. Reporter Malcolm Browne interviews Venerable Quang Lien, chief spokesman of Xa Loi Pagoda, June 27, 1963. "And the monks out of the car, whom I later knew named Thich Quang Duc, then add two other young monks. The two of them led him to the center of the circle, placing a pillow on the paved road. What a horrible memory! One of them went back to the car and pulled out a polyethylene plastic can full of pink gasoline, which I later learned had jet fuel added to make it burn longer, then poured the gas from the top and take a few steps back. At that moment, the monk draws a box of matches, a rod and let it fall into the heart. The fire immediately flared upcover the whole body. His face crumpled. Looking at his face, he knew he was in excruciating pain, but he didn't make a sound. I think he set himself on fire for about 10 minutes, maybe a little longer, but it felt like an eternity. Of course, the whole intersection was filled with the smell of burnt meat and monks and nuns were crying and screaming. The fire truck came and tried to squeeze through, but the monks rushed to get under the front wheel and lay in the middle of the road, so the car wanted to move forward only to run over them. Everything that happened while I was taking pictures. " At that point in Mr. Browne's first to capture only thinking of how to highlight objects. In an interview with TIME, he said: “At that time, I just thought that the subject was a self-lit subject, so I had to adjust the aperture to f10 or something like that. I use an inexpensive Japanese camera called a Petri. I'm very proficient with this camera, so I want to make sure that not only do I have to adjust the shooting mode correctly every time I press the camera, but I also have to keep it right, and then I have to act quickly to keep up with the progress. I used about 10 rolls of film because I was shooting with my hand.” Reaction and Consequences Knowing that he had taken the important pictures, reporter Malcolm Browne quickly sent the film through the AP office in Manila, Philippines, where the radio transmission equipment was sent to AP headquarters in the US. And when the AP published a photo of Venerable Thich Quang Duc sitting cross-legged in the midst of a blazing fire, the whole world was stunned. It is known that US President Kennedy, when he saw the photo, said: "No news photo in history has aroused so many emotions around the world as that photo." The AP says the photo has prompted the Kennedy administration to seriously reconsider its policy of support for the Ngo Dinh Diem regime. Hal Buell, AP's Director of Photography commented: “Malcolm's photo put the war in Vietnam on the front page, and it stayed there for more than 10 years. That photo was so shocking and so attention-grabbing that people started asking, 'What country is this Vietnam? What happened there? How many Americans are there?' All such questions.” In November 1963, Ngo Dinh Diem was overthrown and assassinated along with his younger brother Ngo Dinh Nhu in a coup as the Buddhist crisis worsened. From 1964, the US became more involved in the war in Vietnam and it was not until 1975 that it completely withdrew when the government of the Republic of Vietnam collapsed. The picture won Malcolm Browne the World Press Photo of the Year award in 1963. In 1964, Browne also won the prestigious Pulitzer Prize for his reporting on the war in Vietnam and the overthrow of Mr. Diem. Malcolm Browne later left AP to work with The New York Times . He died on August 27, 2012 in the United States, aged 81.END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=BUDDHIST DHARMA WHEEL GOLDEN MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.30/10/2021.